2010—2014年安徽省六安市手足口病病原学监测结果

Etiology monitoring results of hand-foot-mouth disease in Liuan of Anhui from 2010-2014

目的掌握安徽省六安市手足口病病原学分布情况,为手足口病防控提供实验室依据。方法采用RT-PCR方法对六安市各县区2010年1月1日—2014年12月31日间送检的手足口病咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒71型(EV71)、科萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)和非EV71和Cox A16的其他肠道病毒(EV)核酸检测。结果 2010—2014年共采集手足口病标本1 165份,总阳性率为46.52%。其中,EV71、Cox A16和其他肠道病毒阳性检出率分别为24.03%、9.27%和13.22%。5年间总阳性率和EV71阳性率总体呈现下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(总阳性率χ2趋势=26.670,P<0.01;EV71阳性率χ2趋势=20.244,P<0.01)。结论六安市手足口病主要病原为EV71,但近年来EV71阳性率有下降趋势。应加强手足口病病原学监测,掌握其流行规律。

[Objective] To grasp the etiology distribution status of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） in Liuan, provide the laboratory basis for HFMD prevention and control.[Methods] The throat swabs samples of HFMD were collected from each county from 2010-2014. All samples were performed with tests of coxsackievirus A16（Cox A16）, enterovirus71（ EV71） and other enterovirus（ EV） by RT-PCR.[Results]A total of 1 165 samples of HFMD were collected from 2010-2014, and the total positive rate was 46.52%. The positive rates of EV71, Cox A16 and EV were 24.03%, 9.27% and13.22%, respectively. The total positive rate and positive rate of EV71 showed a descending tendency during 2010-2014, the differences were statistically significant（χ2=26.670, P〈0.01; EV71 χ2=20.244, P〈0.01）. [Conclusion]EV71 is the main pathogen of HFMD in Liuan, but the positive rate of EV71 showed a descent tendency in recent years. The etiological surveillance of HFMD should be strengthened to master its epidemic regularity.