中老年女性骨质疏松症与激素治疗研究进展

Osteoporosis and hormone therapy research progress in midlife and postmenopausal women

骨质疏松症是一种退行性疾病,是中老年妇女的常见病。严重影响中老年女性的健康和生活质量。随着老龄化社会的到来,其患病率增加,成为严重的社会公共健康问题。因此,充分认识骨质疏松症,掌握其诊断标准、发病机制及防治措施具有重要的意义。绝经后由于雌激素的缺乏,导致骨量的快速丢失,使中老年女性患骨质疏松症的危险大大高于男性。绝经后激素治疗能有效阻止骨量丢失,维持骨量,降低骨折危险。特别提倡在60岁以前或绝经10年内开始使用激素治疗。本文就骨质疏松症的病机、诊断标准、防治措施和激素补充治疗作一简述。

Osteoporosis is a degenerative disease, is prevalent in midlife and postmenopausal women. Seri- ously affecting the health and quality of life of middle-aged women.With the advent of an aging society, the prevalence of osteoporsis can be expected to rise, osteoporosis beeom a major public health problem. There- fore, it is important for us to fully understand osteoporosis and to grasp diagnosis criteria, pathophysiology and control measure. Estrogen deficiency after menopause may lead to a rapidly bone loss, therefore, the risk of osteoporosis is much higher in postmenopausal women than in men. Menopausal hormone therapy prevents from bone loss, maintain bone mass and reduce the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures. Espe- cially call for beginning to use hormone therapy in women younger than 60 yeas of age and within 10 years of menopause. This paper reviews the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, control measure and menopausal hormone therapy of osteoporosis.