吉林省2011年-2014年急性上呼吸道感染病原学检测结果分析

Analysis of viral etiology with upper respiratory tract infection in Jilin from 2011 to 2014

目的了解吉林省2011年-2014年引起急性上呼吸道感染的病原学情况,为疾病预防策略制定及临床诊断、指导临床用药提供病原学依据。方法采集吉林省11家医院门诊就诊的上呼吸道感染患者的咽拭子标本共436份,提取核酸后用实时荧光定量PCR或逆转录PCR方法检测可能引起上呼吸道感染的6种常见呼吸道病毒。结果采集436份临床咽拭子标本中,共检测出阳性标本89例,阳性率为20.41%。其中流感病毒阳性率最高,为6.19%,其次为腺病毒（5.73%）、呼吸道合胞病毒（5.50%）、人偏肺病毒（1.83%）、人博卡病毒（1.38%）、副流感病毒（0.92%）。结论2011年-2014年吉林省上呼吸道感染主要以流感病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒为主。0岁~5岁年龄组上呼吸道病毒的感染率明显高于其他年龄组,值得关注并及时做好相应的防控措施。

Objective To understand the situation of the viral etiology of the acute upper respiratory tract infection in Jilin from2011 to 2014,so as to provide etiologic basis for making preventive strategy,clinical treatment and clinical drug-use. Methods 436 throat swab samples from out-patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection from 11 hospitals in Jilin were collected. The methods of real-time PCR and RT-PCR were used to detected 6 respiratory virus which might cause respiratory tract infection,after extracting RNA. Results A total of 436 swabs were collected from the clinic,and 89 samples were identified as positive,with the positive rate of 20. 41%. The positive rate of influenza virus was the highest（ 6. 19%）,followed by adenovirus（ 5. 73%）,respiratory syncytial virus（ 5. 50%）,human metapneumovirus（ 1. 83%）,human boca virus（ 1. 38%）,and parainfluenza virus（ 0. 92%）. Conclusion Influenza virus,ADV and RSVA are the major viral pathogens leading to the acute upper respiratory tract infection in Jilin from 2011 to 2014. The infection rate of upper respiratory tract infection in 0-5years old group is higher than other groups,which is worthy of paying more attention and making corresponding prevention and control measures.