新疆复合类型植被生态系统效益评估——以阿克苏地区为例

Ecological Efficiency Evaluation of Complex Types of Vegetation in Xinjiang——Take Aksu Region for an Example

植被生态系统在整个生态环境体系中的作用至关重要。综合运用机会成本和生态服务价值当量等方法评估新疆阿克苏地区五类植被的生态服务功能价值,测算得2013年总价值为6222.58亿元。结果表明,草地植被是构成研究区生态服务功能的核心价值,之后依次为湿地植被、林地植被、农田植被和荒漠植被,这与面积及功能发挥的物质量和价值当量有重要联系;土壤保育、气候调节和涵养水源功能对当地环境改善作用明显;特定服务功能在各植被类型中占比存在差异。环境资源货币化、充分保护和发挥植被生态系统的服务功能将是南疆社会经济可持续发展的关键。

The role of vegetation ecosystem in the whole ecological environment system was crucial. This paper comprehensively used the methods of opportunity cost method and the equivalent method of ecological service value and other methods, measuring to get that the ecosystem service func- tion value was 622. 258 billion yuan in 2013. The results showed that grassland vegetation formed the core value of ecological service function in Aksu region, followed by wetland vegetation, forest land, farmland and desert vegetation, which was importantly linked with the area and the function of qual- ity and value equivalent, soil conservation, climate regulation and water conservation effected obviously on the improvement of the local environment, specific services accounted for differences in the various vegetation types. The monetization of environmental resources and full protection and piaying of vegetation ecological system would be the key to social and economic sustainable development in Nanjiang.