中国农村劳动力转移对经济增长的真实贡献研究——基于机会成本视角下分析

Research of Rural Labor Transfer Real Contribution to Economic Growth of China——Based on Analysis of Opportunity Cost Perspective

农村劳动力转移是城市化发展的必然趋势,也是促进我国经济增长的推动力之一。农民在放弃农业生产转移至城市务工的同时,必然使农村劳动力转移产生机会成本,导致农村劳动力转移的实际收入较少、城乡居民收入差距扩大。因此,在农村劳动力转移的机会成本视角下,探究农村劳动力转移对经济增长的真实贡献是十分必要的。分析了我国农村劳动力资源及转移状况,在机会成本下通过农村劳动力转移的机会成本对第二、三产业总产值和第一产业总产值进行回归分析,得到机会成本每增加1%,其贡献率分别为0.716%、0.870%。在考虑三大产业对GDP贡献率的前提下,得出劳动力转移对我国GDP的真实贡献率为0.638%。在农村劳动力转移背景下,城乡收入差距在进一步扩大。基于此,提出了农村劳动力转移有利于城市和农村经济共同发展的对策建议。

Rural labor force transfer was the inevitable trend in the development of urbanization, aslo was to promote China＇s economic growth driving force. At the same time, farmers in agricultural production and transfer of cities, it inevitably created an opportunity cost labor transfer, the ac- tual income was less and urban and rural residents widening income gap. Therefore, under the opportunity cost of rural labor transfer perspective probed into its actual contribution to economic growth was very necessary. This paper first analyzed the rural labor resources and the status of the transfer, under the opportunity cost, through the opportunity cost of rural labor transfer to the second and third industry output value and the primary industry output value regression analysis, opportunity cost was increased 1%, the contribution rate was 0.716 %, 0. 870 %, respectively. Considering the three major industries under the premise of the contribution rate of GDP, labor transfer were obtained for real contribution rate of 0. 638 % of GDP in China. And the rural labor transfer, urban and rural income was in the further. Based on this, ths paper put forward some labor transfer was condu- cive to the development of urban and rural economic common countermeasures and suggestions.