美国共居社区的发展、特点及其启示

The Development and Characteristics of Cohousing in America and Its Implications to China

共居社区起源于欧洲,传播到美国后不但快速发展,成为主流住房模式之一,还呈现出许多新特征。本文基于文献梳理并结合相关案例,从共居社区的核心理念出发介绍了共居社区在美国发展历程及其特点;探讨了美国共居社区外部空间形态,包括邻里关系、共居社区与社区养老、儿童成长、社区安全四个方面的共居社区内部生活形态,以及美国如何管理与推动共居社区发展;最后总结了其对于当前中国住房与社区多元化发展趋势下的借鉴意义。

The cohousing originates from Europe, when it was spread to America, not only got rapid development, becoming one of the main residential community developing modes, but also presented many new characteristics. Based on the literature review and combining the related cases study, this paper introduces the development process of cohousing in America and summarizes the characteristics based its core concept; discusses the outside space characteristics and community life style of American cohousing, including neighborhood relationship, community endowment,children＇s growth and community safety, and also discusses the management and promotion of cohousing in America. Finally, this paper summarizes the inspirations from American cohousing to China under the diversified development trend of Chinese community and housing.