H7N9禽流感病毒分子生物学变异的研究进展

Research Advances in the Molecular Biological Variations of the H7N9 Avian Influenza Virus

2018年是自1918年H1N1“西班牙流感”首次流感大流行以来第100周年。与近代历史上致命的大流行有关的流感,一般由人畜共患流感病毒引起,通过累积变异跨越动物-人类屏障,导致人类流感,临床表现可以从轻微的呼吸道疾病到多器官功能障碍。H7N9禽流感病毒跨越动物——人类屏障在中国已引起五波流感大流行,死亡率较高。目前仅存在有限的人传人,但如果它们能够有效地完成人与人之间传播,特别是通过空气传播,无疑将引发新的大流行。因此,本综述系统地阐述了H7N9禽流感病毒的结构、流行病学情况、病毒变异及感染传播的可能发病机制。

This is the 100th anniversary of the first influenza pandemic of the H1N1 "Spanish flu" in 1918.In general,influenza associated with a deadly pandemic is caused by zoonotic influenza viruses that cross the animal-human barrier through cumulative gene mutation.The induced human influenza appeared from mild respiratory disease to multiple-organ dysfunction.H7N9 avian influenza has caused five"waves"of influenza pandemics in China and with high mortality.There are only limited cases of transmission between individuals until now.However,if these viruses can be transmitted through air among individuals,a new pandemic will be triggered.This review described the possible pathogenesis of human-infected with influenza viruses(focusing on the H7N9 influenza virus),their epidemiology,viral variation,and infection transmission.