湘潭地区135例围产儿先天性心脏病资料分析

Analysis of perinatal infant congenital heart disease based on 135 cases

目的分析湘潭市围产儿先天性心脏病发病情况及相关危险因素,为先心病的病因学研究和制定干预措施提供依据。方法回顾性分析湘潭市2013年～2014年13家医院住院分娩及引产的孕20w～出生后7天的围产儿出生缺陷监测资料,采用病例对照研究探讨相关危险因素。结果湘潭市围产儿先天性心脏病发生率2.94‰,居出生缺陷的首位;高危职业、孕早期接触不良物质及孕早期病毒感染是先天性心脏病发生的高危因素。结论产前超声能发现大多数胎儿先天性心脏病,应重视对所有孕妇进行常规产前胎儿心脏超声筛查,提高防护意识,尽量避免高危因素,均衡营养,规律增补叶酸,减少出生缺陷的发生。

Objective：Analyze the incidence of perinatal infant congenital heart disease and relevant risk factors in Xiangtan city to supply evidence for researching etiology and taking measures. Methods：Perinatal infant birth defects monitoring data of hospitalized delivery and induced labor from 20 weeks of gestation to 7 days after birth in 13 hospitals in Xiangtan city in 2013～2014 was retrospectively analyzed,and case-control study was used to explore related risk factors. Results：The incidence rate of perinatal infant congenital heart disease is 2.94‰ in Xiangtan city,which is in the first place of birth defects. High risk occupation,contacting undesirable substances and virus infection in early pregnancy are the high risk factors of congenital heart disease. Conclusion：Prenatal ultrasonic checks can find most of the fetal congenital heart disease. Attention should be paid to all pregnant women to take the routine fetal echocardiography screening,to raise awareness of protection,to avoid high risk factors,to balance nutrition and to supplement folic acid regularly,which can reduce the occurrence of birth defects.