绍派伤寒与朱氏伤寒腹诊法比较研究

Comparative study on abdominal examination method of school of exogenous cold disease of Shao Pai and the Zhus'

腹诊法是中医四诊中按诊的重要组成。中医通过切按胸腹,判断病邪之部位、性质,正气之虚实及体质之强弱。以清代绍兴名医俞根初为代表的绍派伤寒和以近代江阴名医朱莘农为代表的朱氏伤寒派均擅治伤寒热病,均注重腹诊法。前者最重虚里与脐间动脉按诊,精于冲任命门不足之证与真假寒热之证的鉴别,临证结合腹诊运用峻下法治疗阳明证尤有心得。后者最重脐诊,精于夹阴伤寒之体的识别,临证擅用桂枝类方治疗体虚外感热病及内伤杂病,颇具特色。

The abdominal examination method is the important part of body palpation in four diagnostic methods. Doctors of traditional Chinese medicine diagnose the location and nature of disease, the deficiency and excess of vital qi and physical strength by body palpation of the chest and abdomen. School of exogenous cold disease of Shao Pai which represented by Shaoxing famous doctor YU Gen-chu in Qing dynasty and the School of exogenous cold disease of the Zhus’ which represented by modern Jiangyin doctors ZHU Shen-nong were both good at treating exogenous cold disease, they both pay attention to the abdominal examination method. The former emphasize examining xuli and umbilical arterial palpation, and it was versed in differentiation of syndrome of deficiency of thoroughfare and conception channels and vital gate and the syndrome of true-false of cold and heat, abdominal examination was much more effective especially using in the drastic purgative method for the treatment of yangming disease. The latter lay stress on umbilical diagnosis: differentiation of exogenous cold disease with the clamp of yin, and good at treating exogenous febrile disease with deficiency syndrome and miscellaneous disease due to internal injury with modified Guizhi Decoction.