高原鼢鼠的药用价值研究进展

Research progress on medicinal value of Eospalax fontanierii

高原鼢鼠是青藏高原特有的鼠种,由于其生活习性的特点严重危害着草原和农田,人们一直视它为"害鼠",中国科学院西北高原生物研究所经多年的研究发现其具有较高药用价值。它的去脑干燥全骨称为塞隆骨,是目前虎骨的最佳代用品,学者对它的研究也颇多。文章将从高原鼢鼠的生活习性、低氧适应性、饲养与加工、化学成分和药理作用5个方面进行综述,为高原鼢鼠的充分、合理应用提供理论基础。

Eospalax fontanierii is an unique rodent specie native to Tibetan plateau. In the past, Eospalax fontanierii was generally regarded as pests, because they severely impaired the grassland and farmland. But, a great numbers of studies from the teams, Northwest Plateau Biology Institute of Chinese Academy, found that Eospalax fontanierii had a high medicinal value. Osteon myospalacem baileyi, Eospalax fontanierii’s dry whole bone without brain, was thought as the best substitute for tiger bone from the view of medicinal value, which had been attached more attentions by many researchers. Eospalax fontanierii’s habits, hypoxia adaptation, feeding and processing, chemical composition and pharmacological effects would be reviewed in this article, to provide theoretical support for adequate and reasonable application of Eospalax fontanierii.