摘要
【目的】调查和分析武汉市洪山区0~6岁儿童屈光状况,探讨儿童屈光状态发育规律和屈光异常的高危因素。【方法】使用Suresight手持式自动验光仪检测0~6岁2 691例0~6岁儿童（5 382只眼）的屈光值,分成6个年龄段,分析屈光分布特点和发育规律。【结果】0~6岁儿童屈光主要类型是远视,且远视随着年龄增长逐渐减少（P〈0.05）;正视和近视随着年龄增长逐渐增多（P〈0.05）;不同性别屈光异常差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;屈光异常的高危因素是父亲屈光不正、母亲屈光不正、年龄、儿童时期营养不良、母亲妊娠期高血压、早产、产时窒息（P〈0.05）。【结论】0-6岁儿童及早进行视力筛查工作并建立严格的随访、治疗体系,将有效降低儿童屈光不正的发病率。父亲屈光不正、母亲屈光不正、儿童时期营养不良、母亲妊娠期高血压、早产、产时窒息是儿童屈光异常的独立危险因素。对具备高危因素的儿童,更要密切随访并及时进行屈光矫正。1.5岁时婴儿可以配合进行一些戴镜和其他临床治疗,是理想的屈光异常的干预时机。
【Objective】To investigate the refractive status of children aged 0 to 6 in Hongshan District of Wuhan and explore the refractive development and high risk factors of ametropia in children.【Methods】The refractive status of 2 691 children aged 0 to 6（5 382 eyes） was examined with Sure Sight hand-held autorefractor. The cases were divided into 6 age groups. The distribution characteristics and development rules of refraction were analyzed.【Results】Most of the 5382 eyes were found to be hyperopic. As they grew up, the cases with hyperopia decreased gradually（P〈0.05） while those with emmetropia and myopia increased gradually（P〈0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference of ametropia between different gender groups（P〉0.05）. The high risk factors of ametropia including father ametropia, mother ametropia, age, malnutrition, gestationperiod hypertension, premature birth and birth asphyxia were positively correlated（P〈0.05）.【Conclusion】The early vision screening and establishment of strict follow-up and treatment system in children aged 0 to 6 can effectively reduce the incidence of children ametropia. The independent risk factors are as follows： father ametropia, mother ametropia, malnutrition,gestationperiod hypertention, premature birth and birth asphyxia. The children with high risk factors should be closely followed up and rectified in time. Intervention of ametropia may start at the age of 1.5 years by wearing glasses or other clinical treatment.
出处
《武警后勤学院学报（医学版）》
CAS
2015年第11期869-871,共3页
Journal of Logistics University of PAP（Medical Sciences）
