新疆哈密地区2010～2012年2654例恶性肿瘤疾病谱分析

Analysis on 2654 cases undergoing malignant tumor disease at Hami area of Xinjiang from 2010 to 2012

目的了解新疆哈密地区不同性别、民族、年龄的居民恶性肿瘤疾病谱构成,为制定恶性肿瘤的防治策略提供依据。方法收集2010-2012年在哈密地区各级医疗卫生机构就诊的恶性肿瘤患者基本信息并对其构成进行分析。结果 2654例恶性肿瘤中男性占52.41%,女性占47.59%;汉族占78.90%,维吾尔族占16.58%,哈萨克族占4.14%;总体平均年龄(61.32±14.83)岁,男性平均年龄(64.47±14.30)岁,女性平均年龄(57.85±14.64)岁。恶性肿瘤构成比排在前十位的是肺恶性肿瘤、胃恶性肿瘤、乳腺恶性肿瘤、食管恶性肿瘤、肝恶性肿瘤、直肠恶性肿瘤、宫颈恶性肿瘤、结肠恶性肿瘤、胆囊恶性肿瘤、胰腺恶性肿瘤。不同性别、不同民族恶性肿瘤前十位排序均有不同。结论哈密地区恶性肿瘤中老年人群占比较大,不同性别恶性肿瘤疾病谱各不相同,各民族恶性肿瘤构成具有明显的民族特征。因此逐步完善肿瘤监测工作,科学制订防治策略,实现早发现、早诊断、早治疗,对有效降低恶性肿瘤所所致的不良社会影响有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the tumor spectrum of different gender, nationality, age of patients undergoing malignant disease in Hami area of Xinjiang, and to provide evidence on how to prevent and control the occurrence of malignant tumor. Methods Basic information of all patients who were diagnosed to suffer from various degree malignant tumor by some medical and health institutions at Hami area from 2010 to 2012 were collected. Then Their composition was analyzed. Results In all 2654 cases, half cases undergoing malignant tumor were male patients（52.41%）, while female patients accounted for 47.59%; Han nationality accounted for 78.90%, as Uyghurs accounted for 16.58% and kazak accounted for 4.14%; The overall average age of all cases was 61.32 ＋ 14.83, among which men＇s average age was 64.47 ＋ 14.30 and women＇s average age was 57.85 ＋ 14.64. The top ten malignant tumor were pulmonary malignant tumor, stomach tumor, breast malignant tumor, esophageal malignant tumor, liver tumor, rectal tumor, cervical malignant tumor, malignant tumor, gallbladder colon malignant tumors, and pancreatic malignancy. The top ten malignant tumors were different in patients with different gender and different nationality. Conclusion malignant tumor mainly located in elderly population in Hami region. Patients with different gender can get different malignant disease. Distribution of malignant tumor has distinct national characteristics. So it is necessarry that tumor surveillance should be improved gradually, scientific prevention and control strategy should be established, early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment should be achieved. Finally, the occurrence of malignant tumor and its adverse social impact will be reduced effectively.