分权与国家治理:中国的分权改革及其学术意义

Decetralization and State Governance:China’s Decentralization Reform and Its Academic Implications

作为一种重要的治理策略,分权在不同社会及制度背景中具有改善治理的不同潜力。20世纪70年代中后期以来,由改善治理这一笼统目标所引发的分权浪潮席卷世界,而分权改革某种程度上忽视体系整体价值的倾向抑制了其治理潜力。国家治理概念似可为分权改革提供较为全面的目标维度。分权改革规划需要充分观照国家的文化、历史与现实,使其动力建立在真实的内生需求基础上。中国分权改革代表着世界范围内诸多分权改革的一种,它与治理之间的复杂联系需要被置于有关分权的一般概念与理论框架以及有关国家治理的更为宏大的坐标体系中加以思考。中国分权改革实践对于充实和发展有关分权的一般认识具有远未得到充分认识的重要意义。

As an important governance strategy,decentralization has different potential for improving governance in various social and institutional contexts.Echoing the general call for bettering governance,the wave of decentralization has swept across the world since the mid-and-late 1970 s.Meanwhile,the tendency inherent in decentralization to disregard the system-level values to some extent may curb its governance potentials.In this sense,the concept of state governance seems to set comprehensive goal dimensionalities for decentralization.Decentralizationreform planning need to take full account of the culture,history and reality of a country,and the dynamics of reform should also be based on true endangerous demands.Paralleling with other such reforms around the world,China’s decentralization reform and its complicated relationship with governance should be discussed in the general conceptual and theoretical frameworks of decentralization and more broad reference system.Furthermore,the decentralization reform in China has important implications yet to be sufficiently recognized for enriching and developing a general understanding of decentralization.