再评“贤能政治”

Reevaluating Political Meritocracy

近年来学界热议的贤能政治,不同于中国古代的贤能政治,也和西方语境中的贤能政治相区别。它是要作为民主政治的替代性选择,自立为一种与民主政治比肩的政治模式。但贤能政治在实践上既无法离开民主政治单独存在,也难以与民主政治相结合,更无法取代民主政治,理论上则由于混淆了国家意志表达功能和国家意志执行功能而陷入困顿。本文按照上述理路,在已有讨论的基础上对贤能政治的主张进一步分析,并概括了该讨论带给我们的若干方法论启示。

The concept of political meritocracy that is recently hotly debated in academia differs from political meritocracy in both ancient China and in the Western context.It seeks to provide an alternative to democracy;it contests with democracy as a feasible political model.However,in reality,political meritocracy cannot be isolated from democracy,neither can it be seamlessly integrated within democracy,much less replace democracy.Theoretically,it fails to distinguish between the functions of expression and execution of state’s will.This article follows the logical path articulated above and conducts further analysis upon the discussed foundation of political meritocracy.This discussion also provides inspiration on multiple methodologies.