学龄期儿童前房深度发育状况分析

Development of anterior chamber depth in school-age children

目的了解7～14岁学龄期儿童前房深度发育情况。探索其与屈光度数间的关系。方法收集2012年6月至2014年6月眼科门诊7～14岁儿童为研究对象，共计521例（1042只眼）。采用IOLMaster人工晶状体生物测量仪测量各屈光参数，同时测量身高、体重。散瞳后验光测得静态屈光度。分析前房深度发育情况及不同屈光状态的学龄期儿童前房深度发育情况。结果（1）随着年龄的增长，7～14岁学龄期的儿童前房深度随之增长，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。同一年龄段儿童的左右眼之间的均值相近，且生长发育趋势相近（均P〉0．05）。（2）随着年龄的增长，男女的前房深度均逐渐增大，同一年龄段男性前房深度大于女性前房深度（均P〈0．01）。（3）儿童前房深度与身高正相关（P〈0.01）。（4）前房深度随近视度数增高而增大，低度近视组与中度近视组及高度近视组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论学龄期儿童的前房深度的发育受到身高、性别及屈光度数的影响，与身高呈正相关，同一年龄段，男性前房深度大于女性。双眼前房深度发育同步。低中度近视的儿童前房深度增大。

Objective To investigate the development of anterior chamber depth in school-age children. Methods Total 521 children （1 042 eyes） aged 7-14 years visiting Ophthalmology Clinic from June 2012 to June 2014 were included in the study. The static diopter was measured by the optometry with the continuous mydriasis for 30rain. The biological measurements of refractive factors were obtained with the IOL-Master and keratometer. All data were analyzed with SPSS 11.5 software. Results Anterior chamber depth was increased with the age of children （P〈0.001）. There was no significant difference in anterior chamber depth and its growth trends between the left and right eyes in the same mean age. The anterior chamber depth of boys was longer than that of girls in the same age. Anterior chamber depth was positively correlated with the height, no ith body weight of children. Anterior chamber depth increased with increasing myopia; there were significant differences in anterior chamber depth among children with low myopia, moderate myopia and high myopia. Conclusion Development of anterior chamber depth is correlated with age, sex, heights and refraction in school-age children.