区域生态承载力综合评价及分析——以云南省易门县为例

The Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Regional Ecological Carrying Capacity——Taking Yi Men County as a Case

基于生态压力、生态弹性力及社会生态发展水平之间的相互作用关系,利用综合评价法构建生态承载力评价指标体系,研究区域生态承载力水平,采用主成分分析法对指标进行赋权并求解易门县生态承载力水平。针对易门县主要的生态环境问题利用GIS技术并结合相关数据,对该区域矿产资源承载力、耕地承载力和森林承载力进行计算。结果显示:2005—2013年,易门县的生态承载力水平呈现先增大后减小的趋势,并在2010年恶化为超载,但是社会生态发展水平保持持续增长的态势。2015年易门县的铜矿可承载的经济能力为1200.932亿元,保证年限为23.829a;最大允许耕地面积为13100.752km2;适合天然林生长的生境面积为135470.780km2。

Ecological Pressure, ecological elasticity and ecological development level are the three important forces affecting ecosystem. Based on the relationship among them, an index system was established using the method of comprehensive evaluation to weight the indices to evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of Yi Men County. Based on the ecological problem of Yi Men County, ecological carrying capacity of mineral resources, farmland and forest were calculated with the aid of the GIS technology and the relevant data. The results showed that the ecological carrying level of Yi Men County firstly increases and then decreases from 2005 to 2013, and it overloaded in 2010. However the social ecological development demonstrated a rising trend. The economic carrying capacity of copper resource in 2015 will be 120. 0932 billion Yuan, the guarantee time of copper resource will be 23. 829 years ; The maximum allowable cultivated land area will be 13, 100. 752 hm^2 ; The habitat area suitable for the growth of thenatural forest will be 135, 470. 780 hm^2.