固体废物管理和温室气体耦合控制的不确定双层规划

Planning of inexact bi-level programming for coupling control of solid waste management and GHG emissions

以北京市城市固体废物管理系统为例,采用不确定双层规划方法建立优化模型(IBLP-G&C),其中以区间参数反映系统的不确定信息,从环境角度体现对温室气体排放量的严格控制,从经济角度体现区域管理成本最小化,实现环境目标和经济目标的集成化.并提出基于模糊满意度的相互作用2阶段算法对模型进行求解.结果表明,在规划期内,填埋场、生化处理厂、焚烧厂的处理比例达到0.25:0.35:0.40,垃圾资源化利用率达到75%;填埋场是温室气体的首要排放源,而生化处理厂和焚烧厂是管理成本的主要贡献单元.3种模型的综合对比分析表明,系统成本越低,温室气体排放量越高,造成较低的垃圾资源化程度;开展填埋气综合利用是一种潜在的、能同时降低温室气体排放量和削减系统成本的途径;与2个不确定单目标规划方法(ILP-GHG和ILP-COST)相比,不确定双层规划模型能够提供不确定条件下的综合考虑环境影响和经济效益的固体废物管理规划方案.

In this study,based on inexact bi-level programming method,an optimization model（IBLP-GC） was developed to embody strict control of greenhouse gas（GHG） emissions and minimized economic cost while taking Beijing municipal solid waste management system as a case study. Then,the integrated targets of environment and economy were achieved. In the model,parameters were expressed as interval numbers to reflect system uncertainties. An interactive solution algorithm on basis of the fuzzy possibilistic approach was given to solve the developed model. The results showed that waste treated by landfill： biochemical： incineration would achieve 0.25：0.35：0.40,with waste resource utilization rate reaching 75%; the contribution of landfill facilities to GHG emissions would remain predominant,while the composting and incineration facilities would be large proportion of system management cost. Further comparative analysis between the inexact bi-level programming and two inexact single-objective programming models indicated that lower system cost would correspond to higher GHG emissions,then leading to a lower resource utilization rate; a potential approach to synchronously mitigate GHG emissions and minimize system cost may be landfilling gas utilization. Compared with the a couple of single-objective models,the proposed IBLP-GC model can provide compromised schemes under an integrated consideration of environmental impact and economic efficiency under uncertainty.