世界经济增速下滑对中东产油国石油政策的影响

Oil policies of Middle East countries under the slowdown of world economy

虽然中东地区主要产油国都是欧佩克成员,但欧佩克核心国家与普通产油国的石油政策迥异,欧佩克核心国家石油政策更为关注石油供求的长期平衡,普通产油国的政策更多的是对油价波动做出的反应。2014年年中开始,面对世界油价大幅下滑,中东产油国的石油政策表现出竞争性特点,欧佩克核心国家的目的是要挤出国际石油市场存在的"过剩"投资,减缓国际石油市场结构性产能过剩的严重程度;中东普通产油国的石油政策变化主要出于在低油价下维持经济内外平衡的需要。

Although major oil producers in Middle East are OPEC members, the oil policies between OPEC core countries and ordinary oil producers are widely different. For the OPEC core countries, the pillar of their oil policies is to maintain the longterm balance of oil demand and supply, and for other Middle East oil producing countries, they make their oil policies mainly in response to price fluctuation. Under the slowdown of world economy from the middle of 2014, the Middle East oil producing countries implemented competitive oil policies out of different purposes; the OPEC cores focused on squeezing out the excess investment, and slowing down the overcapacity of international oil market; the other Middle East oil producing countries changed the policies for the sake of balancing internal and external economy.