糖尿病患者自我效能对自我管理行为和血糖控制的影响

Self-efficacy impacted on self-management behavior and blood glucose control in patients with diabetes

目的：探讨糖尿病患者自我效能水平对自我管理行为及血糖控制的影响。方法采用便利抽样的方法抽取某医院糖尿病患者435例,用中文版糖尿病管理自我效能量表（ C-DMSES）、中文版糖尿病自我管理行为量表（ SDSCA）对435例2型糖尿病患者进行调查。结果435例糖尿病患者自我效能得分为（132.28±38.66）分,63.91%患者处于中等水平；自我管理行为调查显示,58.85%的患者处于中等水平。血糖控制达标（糖化血红蛋白〈7%）的患者占22.76%。相关分析显示,自我效能与患者的自我管理行为呈正相关（P〈0.05）,自我效能、自我管理行为与糖化血红蛋白呈负相关（P〈0.05）。多元线性回归分析的结果显示,在控制了一般资料变量之后,自我效能所解释的自我管理行为的方差变异量为32.6%；自我效能所解释的糖化血红蛋白的方差变异量分别为7.4%。结论糖尿病患者自我效能和自我管理行为处于中等水平。提高患者自我效能,可改善患者自我管理行为,并改善血糖控制。

Objective To explore the influence of self-efficacy on self-manageemnt behavior and blood glucose control in diabetes patients. Methods A total of 435 diabetes patients chosen by convenience sampling method, were surveyed by the Chinese diabetes management self-efficacy scale （ C-DMSES） and Chinese version scale of the diabetes self-care activities （ SDSCA） . Results Score of self-efficacy for 435 patients with diabetes was （132. 28 ± 38. 66） and 63. 91% patients were in the moderate level; self management behavior survey indicated that 58. 85% patients had the moderate self-care levels. Only 22. 76% of the patients achieved the target goal of blood glucose. Self-efficacy and self-care behavior of patients were positively correlated （ P 〈0. 05）, while HbA1c and self-care behavior and self-efficacy were negatively correlated （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Multivariate liner regression analysis showed that self behavior explained by self-efficacy was 33. 26% variance, 7. 4% variance of HbA1c were explained by self-efficacy. Conclusions Self-efficacy and self-care behavior of diabetes patients are in medium level. Good self-efficacy may improve self-care behavior and blood glucose control of diabetes patients.