黄河中—上游地区是否普遍发生过“史前大洪水”事件的讨论

WHETHER THE PREHISTORIC FLOOD PREVALENTLY EXISTED IN UPPER-MIDDLE REACH OF THE YELLOW RIVER?

传说中发生于夏朝建立前夕的“史前大洪水”是否在大面干只地区厂泛存在，是竿木界争议的问题之一。本文在综述黄河中-上游地区古洪水研究成果的基础上，对该区全新世以来的古洪水事件进行了统计分析。结果显示黄河中-上游大部地区可能在距今4300～4000a时段曾集中发生过古洪水事件，同时该时段的古洪水事件在时间及空间范围上均能与传说中发生于黄河中游地区的“大禹治水”传说相对应。即本文的综述结果能够支持部分前人关于“史前大洪水”事件在黄河中-上游的广大地区可能真实存在的观点，且本文推测其很可能发生于距今4300-4000a。此外，通过对比研究区周边气候记录，显示黄河中-上游地区古洪水事件发生的时段对应于全新世气候剧烈波动的时段，因此，本文认为，黄河中-上游大面积地区集中发生的古洪水很可能是对研究区全新世气候不稳定性的响应。

There has been a controversial issue in academic that whether the prehistoric flood prevalently existed on a large area scale before the Xia dynasty. To study the issue, this paper count the number of the paleoflood events in upper-middle reach of the Yellow River and analyses theirs geographical distributions, by reviews of the previous research results. The results reveal that the paleofloods mainly occurred in upper-middle reach of the Yellow River between 4 300-4 000a. Finally, the results of this reviews support the previous conclusions that the prehistoric flood events prevalently existed in upper-middle reach of the Yellow River between 4 300-4 000a, by compares the timing of flood occurrence and its spatial distribution of the paleoflood events in upper-middle reach of the Yellow River with the prehistoric flood events. Besides, by comparing the surrounding climate records of the upper-middle reach of the Yellow River, we find that the time-scale of the paleofloods correspond to the Holocene drastic fluctuation, indicating that the paleoflood events were a reflection of the climate instability of the study area when the Holocene.