基于激光熔覆的车床主轴再制造

Lathe Spindle Remanufacturing Based on Laser Cladding Technology

随着我国可持续发展重大战略的推进,蕴含着高附加值的损伤、退役机床再制造研究越来越受到重视,作为机床的核心部件之一,损伤主轴再制造成为机床再制造的关键。使用Nd∶YAG固体激光熔覆设备及FeCr合金粉料对损伤45钢主轴进行修复再制造研究,使用扫描电镜观察了熔覆层组织结构,通过显微硬度测试、摩擦磨损试验分析了熔覆层硬度及耐磨性,使用磨床对主轴熔覆层进行精密磨削加工。结果表明所得熔覆层无气孔裂纹等缺陷,其硬度达547HV0.1,相同负载条件下熔覆层耐磨性为基体材料的3.7倍;磨削加工后再制造主轴完全恢复至设计尺寸,经过相同服役时间后再制造主轴磨损量小于新品主轴磨损量,说明了车床主轴激光熔覆再制造的可行性及有效性。

With the promotion of the sustainable development strategy, remanufacturing research on damaged and re- tired machine tool containing high additional value is getting increasing attention. As one of the core components of the machine tool, damage lathe spindle remanufacturing becomes the key issue for machine tool remanufacture. The FeCr al- loy was deposited on 45 steel spindle used Nd .＂ YAG laser by laser cladding technology. The microstrueture, phase con- stitution, hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer were investigated by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer,Vickers digital micro-hardness and sliding wear tester. The laser cladding layer on spindle was ground by the grinder. The results shows that the cladding layer is free of cracks, presents a remarkable hardness up to 547 HV0.1, and has excellent wear resistance which is 3.7 times of the substrate. Remanufacturing spindle restore the design size, and has less amount of wear compared with that of a new spindle after the same service time. It illustrates that laser clad- ding is a promising technology for lathe spindle remanufacturing.