一化性大茧型柞蚕新品种豫大1号的选育及杂交组合豫杂5号的组配

Breeding of a New Univoltine Chinese Oak Silkworm Variety Yuda 1 Spinning Large Cocoons and Preparation of Hybrid Combination Yuza 5

为选育适合在一化性柞蚕产区放养的蛹、丝兼用大茧型柞蚕品种,以河南蚕区的一化性柞蚕优良品种河33为亲本材料,以提高千粒茧质量和千克卵产茧量为育种目标,采用系统分离的育种方法,历经15年15代育成一化性大茧型柞蚕新品种豫大1号,并与现行一化性柞蚕品种101组配成杂交组合豫杂5号(豫大1号×101)。豫大1号属黄蚕血统,中熟性品种,全龄经过时间52 d 7 h,千粒茧质量8.55 kg,茧层率11.51%,一粒茧丝长933.60 m,在品种比较试验中的全茧量比亲本品种河33提高14.72%,在农村生产鉴定中的千克卵产茧量比河33增产16.66%。豫杂5号的全龄经过时间为48 d 8 h,全茧量8.43g,一粒茧丝长1 056.15 m,在杂交组合评比试验中的千粒茧质量比对照品种101提高12.02%,在农村生产鉴定中的千克卵产茧量比对照品种101增产18.25%。柞蚕新品种豫大1号及其杂交组合豫杂5号具有产量高、易繁育、茧型大、茧丝品质优等特点,适用于蛹、丝兼用的柞蚕茧生产。

To breed pupa and silk dual-purpose Chinese oak silkworm varieties which spin large cocoons and are suitable for rearing in the production areas of univoltine Chinese oak silkworm, an excellent univoltine Chinese oak silkworm variety He 33 in sericultural regions of Henan Province was used as parent material to achieve the breeding objective of improving the weight of 1 000 cocoons and number of cocoons from 1 kg eggs. After 15 years and 15 generations of lineage separation, a new univoltine Chinese oak silkworm variety Yuda 1 spinning large cocoons was obtained, which was then crossed with current univoltine Chinese oak silkworm variety 101 to prepare hybrid combination Yuza 5 （Yuda 1 ×101 ）. The new vari- ety Yuda 1 has blood lineage of yellow color, and is of moderate maturity. Its duration of all instars is 52 days 7 hours, the weight of 1 000 cocoons is 8.55 kg, cocoon shell rate is 11.51%, the length of single cocoom filament is 933.60 m. In variety comparative tests, the cocoon weight of Yuda 1 increased by 14. 72% compared with parental variety He 33, and the number of cocoons per 1 kg eggs increased by 16. 66% in rural productive tests. The new hybrid combination Yuza 5 could complete their larval duration within 48 days 8 hours, with 8. 43 g of cocoon weight and 1 056. 15 m of single cocoom filament length. The weight of 1 000 cocoons of Yuza 5 increased by 12. 02% compared with the control variety 101 in variety comparative tests, and the number of cocoons per 1 kg eggs increased by 18. 25% in rural productive tests. The new Chinese oak silkworm variety Yuda 1 and its hybrid combination Yuza 5 had the characteristics of high yield, easy reproduction, large cocoon, and high cocoon quality, being suitable for cocoon production of pupa and silk dual-purpose Chinese oak silkworm.