2006—2014年山东省淄博市布鲁杆菌病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Zibo City Shandong Province from 2006 to 2014

目的分析淄博市人间布鲁杆菌病（简称布病）流行特征。方法淄博市布病疫情数据来源于全国疾病监测信息报告管理系统、布病个案调查资料和突发公共卫生事件报告管理系统。用描述性流行病学方法，分析2006—2014年淄博市布病的各年发病率，地区、时间、人群分布，传播途径，重点人群的血清学阳性检出率．以及布病爆发疫情病例的流行病学特征。结果2006—2014年淄博市共报告布病病例541例，发病率由2006年的0．16／10万上升到2014年的4．94／10万，疫情波及全市65％（62／95）的乡镇。每年3—8月份为发病高峰期，占报告病例的70．61％（382／541）。从事饲养、屠宰、贩卖、加工的职业人群感染占73．20％（396／541），食源性途径感染占9．61％（52／541）。2006—2014年共报告爆发疫情8起。结论淄博市布病发病率逐年上升，波及范围逐年扩大，春夏季为发病高峰，食源性感染所占比例增大。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of human brucellosis in Zibo. Methods The data of brucellosis was derived from China information system for diseases control and prevention, from the epidemiology case study and outbreak event of brucellosis. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the incidence, the distribution of time, region and population, the transmission, seropositive rate of vulnerable groups, and the epidemiological characteristics of the cases from 2006 to 2014. Results A total of 541 brucellosis cases were repotted between 2006 and 2014, the incidence rates increased from 0.16 per 100 000 to 4.94 per 100 000, and cases were found in about 65% （62/95） of the towns. The disease showed a seasonal cycle with peak period between March and August annually, accounting for 70.61% （382/541） of the total cases. Vocational high risk population were animal keepers, butchers, sellers and producers, accounting for 73.20% （396/541）, and foodborne infection accounted for 9.61% （52/541）. A total of 8 outbreak events were reported from 2006 to 2014. Conclusions The incidence of brucellosis has increased and the epidemic areas have expanded year by year. Spring and summer are the peak seasons of the disease. Foodborne infection is increasing.