新疆伊犁哈、维、汉族农村妇女乳腺癌认知现状调查

Investigation on cognition status of Kazak,Uygur,and Han women to breast cancer in rural areas of Yili region in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆伊犁地区哈、维、汉族农村妇女乳腺癌的认知差异现状,为制定不同民族农村妇女乳腺癌筛查工作提供依据。方法用随机抽样的方法选取伊犁地区伊宁县和新源县的哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村妇女为调查对象,采用自制问卷进行乳腺癌认识及筛查水平调查。结果共发放问卷1 200份,回收有效问卷1 115份,回收率为92.92%;85%以上的汉族妇女对乳腺癌知识有清晰认识,没做过乳腺临床检查的维吾尔族、哈萨克族妇女分别为41.1%、31.6%,哈萨克族、维吾尔族和汉族农村妇女乳腺癌认知及筛查水平有显著差异。结论伊犁地区哈萨克族和维吾尔族农村妇女乳腺癌认知和筛查水平均低于汉族农村妇女,应加大对哈萨克族和维吾尔族农村妇女乳腺癌筛查的宣传力度,提高妇女对乳腺癌的认知和筛查水平。

Objective To understand the differences of cognition status of Kazak, Uygur, and Han women to breast cancer in rural areas of Yili in Xinjiang, provide a basis for breast cancer screening among rural women of different nationalities. Methods Random sam- pling method was used to select Kazak, Uygur, and Han women from Yining county and Xinyuan county in Yili region as research objects, a self-made questionnaire was used to survey breast cancer awareness and screening levels. Results A total of 1 200 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 115 valid questionnaires were retrieved, the rate was 92. 92%. Among the respondents, more than 85% of the Han women knew breast cancer clearly, 41.1% of the Uygur women and 31.6% of the Kazak women did not receive breast clinical examination. There were statistically significant differences in awareness and screening levels of breast cancer among Kazak, Uygur, and Han women. Conclu- sion The awareness and screening levels of breast cancer among Kazak and Uygur women in rural areas of Yili region were lower than those among Han women. Publicity of breast cancer screening should be strengthened among Kazak and Uygur women in rural areas of Yili region to improve awareness and screening levels of breast cancer.