前臂皮神经与浅静脉解剖学研究

Anatomic study of the forearm cutaneous nerves and superficial veins

目的解剖观测前臂浅静脉与皮神经的形态学参数，为临床应用提供解剖学基础。方法通过对40例成人上肢标本进行解剖，观察前臂主要浅静脉与皮神经的起止、分支及伴行情况，并对其进行测量。解剖及测量数据采用SPSS17．0统计软件分析。结果前臂外侧皮神经与头静脉的距离为（0．83±0．14）cm，前臂外侧皮神经距离肱骨外上髁上方（5．47±2．30）cm，前臂内侧皮神经与贵要静脉之间的距离为（1．53±0．29）cm，前臂内侧皮神经肱骨内上髁上方（7．13±3．52）cm，前臂背侧皮神经与头静脉的距离为（2．81±0．52）cm，前臂背侧皮神经在肱骨内、外上髁平面上方（4．21±0．56）cm。桡神经浅支与头静脉距离为（0．26±0．11）cm，桡神经浅支穿出点与桡骨茎突上方的距离为（8．84±1．24）cm，尺神经手背支与贵要静脉相距（0．57±0．32）cm，该神经穿出点在尺骨茎突上方（2．83±0．89）cm。结论前臂皮神经与浅静脉伴行关系恒定，可用于指导皮神经及浅静脉相关的临床治疗及应用。

Objective To study anatomical parameters of forearm superficial veins and cutaneous nerves to provide the anatomical basis for clinical applications. Methods Forty adult upper limb specimens were dissected. The observation and measurements of superficial veins and nerves were as follows ： （ 1 ） Beginnings and ends of nerves ; （2） Distributions and routes of nerves and veins ; （3） Anastomoses of veins ; （4） Distances between nerve with its accompanying vein. Anatomical data were analyzed by SPSS 17. 0. Results Distances from lateral cutaneous nerve to forearm cephalic vein were （0. 83 ±0. 14） cm. The be- ginning of lateral cutaneous nerve through fascia located above the humeral condyle was （ 5.47 ± 2. 30 ） cm. Distance from medial forearm cutaneous nerve to basilic vein was （ 1.53 ±0. 29） cm. The beginning of medial forearm cutaneous nerve through fascia located above medial epicondyle was （7. 13±0 3.52） cm. Distance from dorsal cutaneous nerve to cephalic vein was （2. 81 ±0. 52） cm. The beginning of dorsal cu- taneous nerve through fascia located above medial to lateral epicondyle plane was （4. 21 ±0. 56） cm. Distance from superficial branch of radial nerve to cephalic vein was （ 0. 26 ±0. 1 1 ） cm. The beginning of su- perficial branch through fascia located above radial styloid was （8. 84 ± 1.24） cm. Distance from dorsal branch of ulnar nerve to basilic vein was （0. 57 ±0. 32） cm. The beginning of dorsal branch through fascia located above ulnar styloid was （2. 83 ±0. 89） cm. Conclusion Forearm superficial veins accompany with cutaneous nerves constantly. It can provide instructions for superficial veins and nerves relevant therapy and application.