裸子植物传粉滴研究进展

Research Progress in Pollination Drops of Gymnosperms

传粉滴是裸子植物胚珠在传粉期所产生的一种分泌物,在珠孔处聚集成液滴状。传粉滴的分泌和形成在裸子植物传粉、花粉萌发和受精等有性生殖过程中发挥重要作用。该文综合国内外裸子植物传粉滴的研究进展,并结合作者近年来所取得的实验结果,全面综述了传粉滴的产生、分泌规律、成分、收缩机制以及在有性生殖过程中的功能,系统总结了传粉滴选择和识别花粉功能,以及促进花粉萌发与花粉管生长和防御病菌侵染等方面的作用。此外,文中还提出了传粉滴研究存在的一些问题,并从生物化学和分子生物学层面进一步明确了传粉滴与花粉之间相互作用的分子机理。

Pollination drops（PDs）, as secreted fluid, are produced by ovules and protrude from the micropyle during pollination and fertilization of gymnosperms. PDs play an important role in sexual reproduction, including pollen capture, pollen germination and fertilization. In this review, based on recent advances in PDs of gymnosperms and our recent progress in this field, we introduce in detail PD production, secretion behavior, components, PD withdrawal and PD function in gymnosperms. In particular, we highlight the role of PDs during wind pollination and fertilization and summarize the multiple roles in distinguishing or carrying pollen and promoting pollen germination, apart from the defense function to protect ovules from microbial infection. We describe existing problems in relation to future directions to reveal the molecular mechanism of pollen—PD interactions by biochemistry and molecular biology.