不同比例的玉米、小麦、菊芋秸秆对黄瓜幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响

Effects of Different Proportions of Maize,Wheat and Jerusalem Artichoke Straws on Growth and Physiological Indices of Cucumber Seedlings

在黄瓜连作土中分别单独添加玉米、小麦或菊芋秸秆,研究不同添加比例的秸秆对黄瓜幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,添加小麦、玉米或菊芋秸秆均能在整体上促进黄瓜幼苗生长。第24天时,Y1.0处理的黄瓜幼苗的株高、全株鲜重、全株干重均显著高于Y1.5、Y2.0和对照;X1.5处理的株高显著高于X1.0和对照,全株鲜重显著高于其他处理和对照;J1.5处理的茎粗、全株鲜重、全株干重均显著高于其他处理和对照。Y1.0、X1.5、J1.5处理在三个时期均能提高黄瓜的叶绿素含量和根系活力。添加玉米或小麦秸秆均对黄瓜幼苗的生长有一定的化感促进作用,其中Y1.0和X1.5处理的化感促进作用强度较大。菊芋秸秆处理中,J1.0和J1.5对黄瓜生长起到化感促进作用,J2.0起化感抑制作用。Y1.0、X1.5、J1.5可作为合适的秸秆添加比例。

Maize, wheat or Jerusalem artichoke straw was mixed with continuous cropping cucumber soil, respec-tively,which to evaluate the effects of different dosages of them on growth and physiological indices of cucumber seedlings in this study. The results showed that straw additive presented better performance on growth of cucumber seedlings than control in general. At 24 days after transplanting, the plant height, fresh weight and dry weight of the whole cucumber seedlings were dramatically higher in Y1.0 than other treatments and the control. The height of X1.5 was obviously higher than X1.0 and the control, and the fresh weight was also significantly higher than other treatments and the control. J1.5 remarkably increased plant height, fresh weight and dry weight at this time. Y1.0, X1.5 and J1.5 increased chlorophyll contents and root activities of cucumber seedlings during the experiment. Maize or wheat straw incorporation presented allelopathic promotion on cucumber seedlings growth at different addi- tive proportions. The allelopathic promotion of Y1.0 was higher in maize treatments, as well as X1.5 in wheat treat- ments. In Jerusalem artichoke treatments, J1.0 and J1.5 showed an allelopathic promotion. However, J2.0 showed an allelopathic inhibition. In conclusion, the best additive proportions of maize, wheat and Jerusalem artichoke straws were Y1.0,X1.5 and J1.5, respectively.