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五例儿童抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体脑炎临床特征分析 被引量:4

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摘要 目的探讨儿童抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)脑炎的临床特点。方法对我科2014年4月至2015年4月诊治的5例抗NMDAR脑炎患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括:临床表现、实验室检查、磁共振头部平扫、长程脑电图以及治疗、预后情况等。结果5例患儿,女3例,男2例,年龄2~14岁,就诊时间4~20d;5例患儿起病前5d-2周均有前驱感染史,4例以抽搐起病,1例以头痛起病,均有不同程度的癫痫发作、意识障碍、精神行为异常、语言障碍、睡眠障碍、锥体外系不自主运动、进食困难、自主神经功能障碍。5例患儿血清及脑脊液抗NMDAR抗体均阳性,1例磁共振头部平扫异常。均给予甲泼尼龙、丙种球蛋白及支持对症治疗,住院时间19—62d,现3例患儿恢复正常上学,1例能自行进食,能追视,1例患儿生活能自理,但记忆力减退。结论抗NMDAR脑炎是一种免疫介导的脑炎,以精神症状、锥体外系不自主运动、癫痫发作等症状最常见,血清及脑脊液抗NMDAR抗体阳性,及早诊断与治疗,有助于改善预后。
出处 《中国小儿急救医学》 CAS 2015年第12期872-874,共3页 Chinese Pediatric Emergency Medicine
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