我国高等教育学科专业目录的检视与反思

An Inspection and Rethink for‘Catalogue of Discipline and Specialty'of Higher Education in China

我国高等教育学科专业目录发轫于上世纪50年代,是计划经济时代的产物,历经60年的发展,已经成为我国高等教育发展的基本指导文件。作为国家层面的学科专业管理制度,在世界高等教育范围内都可谓是独树一帜。从人才培养的角度出发,它似乎淡化了自身作为"人才培养规格"的角色,反而凸显其知识政策的特性,这便引发了高校人才培养的专业化、封闭化和同质化问题。事实上,这不仅归结于对学科专业目录的本质认识不清,还在于未协调好其实然逻辑与应然逻辑间的关系。

‘The catalogue of discipline and specialty of higher education＇was initiated in the 1950 s which was a result of planned economy in China. It has been a fundamental document is that to guide the development of higher education in China after sixty years. It was viewed that a unique in the world-wide higher education as the administrative system of disciplinary and specialty in national level. From the perspective of talents cultivation,it seems to weaken the role of ‘educational standard＇,instead highlight its characteristic of knowledge policy. It therefore will lead to some problems in the aspect of talents cultivation such as specialization,noncooperation and homogenization. As a matter of fact,it not only can be ascribed to vague cognition to the nature of ‘the catalogue of discipline and specialty＇,but also cannot be coordinate the relationship between real logics and ideal logics.