苏打盐碱地水稻秆腐菌核病病原鉴定及其生物学特性

Pathogen identification and pathogenic biology of sclerotiniose blight of rice stem rot in sodium bicarbonate soils

对苏打盐碱地水稻秆腐菌核病病原进行了分离、鉴定和生物学特性的研究。结果表明,该病原菌菌核黑色圆球状,表面凸凹形态,直径164～309μm,内部褐色拟薄壁组织；分生孢子淡褐色,1～3个隔膜,大小为（32～76）μm×（5～22）μm；无性世代为 Nakataea sigmoidea ,有性世代为 Magnaporthe salvinii 。病原菌在25＜～30℃时生长较好,利用鼠李糖（P ＜0.05）、硝酸钙（P ＜0.05）和硫酸锌（P ＜0.01）能力最强,在利用碳氮源和微量元素方面,与弱酸性和寒冷地水稻秆腐菌核病病原存在差异。

The biological characteristics of the pathogen causing sclerotiniose blight of rice stem rot was isolated,i-dentified,and studied.The results showed that the pathogenic fungus sclerotia was black,knaggy,globular out-side,1 64-309 μm in diameter,and brown inside,and the pathogenic conidia were light brown,1 -3 septates, and （32-76）μm×（5-22）μm in size.The pathogenic asexual generation was Nakataea sigmoidea ,and the sexual generation was Magnaporthe salvinii .The optimum temperature was from 25 ℃ to 30 ℃ for growth of the patho-gen.Rhamnose （P 〈0.05 ）,calcium nitrate （P 〈 0.05 ）,and zinc sulfate （P 〈 0.01 ）had significant promoting effect on the growth of the mycelia.The pathogen showed difference in the utilization of carbon source,nitrogen source,and microelements from the pathogens from non-sodium bicarbonate soils.