1994～2014年铁岭市麻疹流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of measles,Tieling city,1994-2014

目的了解铁岭市麻疹流行特征,为进一步控制麻疹提供科学依据。方法对铁岭市1994~2014年法定传染病报告的麻疹疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果铁岭市1994~2014年累计确诊麻疹病例1 778例,年平均发病率为3.05/10万,无死亡病例,发病率最高为2014年,发病1 118例,年发病率为41.30/10万;高发季节为2~6月;男性发病率为2.89/10万,女性2.93/10万（P〉0.05）;发病年龄以5岁以下儿童为主,占总发病的26.66%,〈1岁和30~35岁两个年龄组发病数占总发病人数的33.06%,不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;发病人群以农民、儿童及家务待业为主,这三种职业麻疹发病人数占总发病人数的76.15%,流动人口占病例总数的43.98%。结论铁岭市麻疹发病年龄分布已逐步呈现＂双向移位＂现象。强化免疫是保护易感人群,及时分析疫情发生原因,评价控制麻疹措施的效果。

Objective To understand the epidemiol0gical characteristics of measles in Tieling city,so as to provide scien- tific basis for its control and prevention. Methods Analysis was made by descriptive epidemiology method on the data of measles outbreaks of by notifiable infectious disease report in Tieling city,1994-2014. Results During 1994-2014,a total of 1 778 cases of confirmed measles cases in Tieling city, with the average annual incidence of 3.05/i0s , without deaths. The highest incidence rate was in 2014,with 1 118 cases,the annual incidence was 41.30/10s ;Peaks were in Feb- ruary to June;Most cases were in children under 5, accounting for 26.66% of the total incidence. The two age groups of under 1 year old and 30-35 accounted for 33.06% of the total cases, with statistical significance in age groups （ P〈0. 01） ;Most cases were among farmers, children,and the unemployed;They accounted for 76.15% of the total number of cases and 43.98% of the total number of cases in the transient population. Conclusion The measles incidence age dis- tribution has gradually showed a ＂double shift＂ phenomenon. To enhance immunization is an important measure for pro- tection Of vulnerable groups.