黑龙江西部土内蓄水保墒的抗旱造林技术研究

Anti-arid afforestation technology based on soil moisture conservation in western Heilongjiang province

试验选取5种土内加物(锯末、珍珠岩、厩肥、保水剂、容器袋)的土壤保墒措施,探讨抗旱造林的土壤保墒技术对土壤水分、养分及容重的影响,以及各处理对林木成活及生长状况的影响。结果显示:不同保墒措施改善了土壤理化性质,促进了林木成活及生长,其中添加厩肥造林成活率最高,其次添加保水剂、锯末。添加保水剂措施促进林木生长最大,其次添加厩肥、添加容器袋。选取造林成活率提高率、年均高生长提高率、造林成本增加率,采用隶属函数值法对各处理进行了评价,结果添加容器袋措施最好,依次添加厩肥、添加保水剂、添加锯末、添加珍珠岩。

5 kinds of soil additives（ sawdust,perlite,Barnyard manure,water retention agent and container bag） for soil moisture conservation measures were selected to probe the effect of soil moisture conservation technology for drought resistant afforestation on soil water,nutrients and volume weight and on trees and trees survival and growth either. The results show that the different soil conservation measures all improved the soil physical and chemical properties,promoted the survival and grow of trees,too; of which survival rate of afforestation after adding manure was the highest,next was adding water retention agent and adding sawdust. Of which the trees growth was promoted largest after adding water retention agent,next was adding manure and adding container bag. We chose 3 indexes including afforestation survival increase rate,average annual growth rate,afforestation cost increase rate to evaluate several kinds of measures by adopting the method of subordinate function value.The results show that adding container bag was the best,others was adding manure,adding water retention agent,adding sawdust and adding pearlite.