“九·一八”前后国民党文化政策解读

On the Cultural Policy of the KMT around the September 18th Incident

"九·一八"事变发生后民族危机日益加深,国民党当局借助民族主义与法西斯主义两股思潮,在文化领域确立文化统制政策,加紧文化控制。其宗旨依然是"中体西用"的翻版,一方面,国民党当局倡导"尊孔读经",借助新生活运动之力,颂扬"礼义廉耻",先后发起筹设中山文化教育馆、并成立了"中国文化学会"和"中国文化建设协会",将三民主义与儒家思想结合起来,借助回归传统拓展党化的道义空间,以强化文化的统制的基础;另一方面,国民党当局大力倡导"提倡理工"和"中国科学化运动",为大规模展开的现代化建设提供文化政策支持。"九·一八"前后国民党的文化政策呈现出专制性、保守性、现代性、多歧性相互杂糅的特点。

The national crisis deepened after the September 18 th incident,and the Kuomintang authorities,resorting to nationalism and fascism,established the cultural control policy to intensify the domination of culture.Its purpose was still a replica of the＂Chinese learning for the essence,western learning for practical use＂.On one hand,the Kuomintang authorities advocated＂esteeming Confucius and reading classics＂,and eulogized the sense of priority,justice,honesty and honor,taking advantage of the Movement of New Life.It prepared to construct the Zhongshan Cultural Educating Centre,the Chinese Cultural Association and the Chinese Cultural Constructing Association.It combined the three principles of the people with Confucianism,and developed the party＇s moral space by the aid of returning to the traditional.By means of the above measures,the Kuomintang intended to strengthen the base for the cultural control.On the other hand,the Kuomintang authorities advocated＂promoting science and technology＂and＂Chinese scientific movement＂,so as to provide cultural policy support for a large-scale modernization.The cultural policy of the Kuomintang around the September 18 th incident showed the characteristics of mixing autocracy,conservatism, modernity and discrimination.