个体化治疗在新生儿及婴儿头皮血肿的应用体会

The experience of individual therapy for infants with scalp hematoma

目的探讨个体化治疗在新生儿及婴儿头皮血肿的应用体会。方法对2008年2月～2015年8月收治的78例单纯性新生儿及婴儿头皮血肿采用个体化治疗：病程1月内不予处理,待头皮血肿自行消退,以观察随访为主;如1月后血肿未见明显变化,则先给予止血药保守治疗1周,如血肿有缩小趋势,继续等待观察,待其自行消退。若血肿仍未缩小,则穿刺抽洗。结果 65例（83.33%）头皮血肿自行消失,13例（16.67%）血肿未吸收,止血药保守治疗1周,其中2例血肿逐渐缩小,缓慢消退,其余11例经穿刺抽洗后血肿消失。所有78例患儿均治愈,未出现感染征象。结论新生新生儿及婴儿头皮血肿多数可自行吸收,故病程小于1月应观察待血肿自行消退,如1月后血肿未明显缩小,则根据具体情况或给予药物止血或穿刺抽洗等干预措施。

Objective： To investigate the experience of individual therapy in infants with scalp hematoma. Methods：There were 78 cases with simple scalp hematoma treated in our hospital between February 2008 and October 2015,the therapy method was as following： Observed and followed up for 1 month,if the hematoma resolved,no intervention was given.If it didn＇t resolve after 1 month,the haemostat was administered. If the hematoma tended to reduce after the one-week conservative treatment,continued waiting and observing; If not,the treated to infants with needle aspiration to prevent organization and calcification of the hematoma. Results： The scalp hematoma resolved spontaneously in 65 cases（ 83. 33%）after 1-month observation. In 13 cases,it didn＇t resolve,so conservative therapy with the haemostat was given to these patients. The scalp hematoma resolved one week later in 2 of them. The other 11 infants were healed after needle aspiration. All the 78 infants had good results. Conclusions： Since most scalp hematoma in infants could resolve spontaneously,waiting and observation in the first month is appropriate. If it could not resolve after 1 month,intervention such as haemostat or needle aspiration then should be given.