急性心肌梗死后抑郁及其相关因素研究

Depression in post-myocardial infarction patients and its related factors

目的调查心肌梗死患者抑郁的发生情况及其危险因素。方法随机选取武汉市亚洲心脏病院312例急性心肌梗死患者，用自编问卷调查社会人口学特征，汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）评估抑郁症状，用艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版（EPQ—RSC）评估人格特征。以不同抑郁症状严重程度等级为因变量，社会人口学、病史特征和人格特征变量为自变量，纳人多分类有序因变量Logistic回归进行单因素（Enter法纳入单个因素）和多因素（Backward：Wald法纳入单因素分析有意义的因素）分析筛选心梗后抑郁症状的相关因素。结果①在首发心梗后4周时伴有抑郁症状的患者约有118例（38％），其中轻度抑郁31例（10％）、中度抑郁50例（16％）、重度抑郁37例（12％）。②心梗后抑郁的严重程度与男性、非在婚状态、受教育年限〉9年、自评家庭收入低、精神质因子分〉3分、外向因子分≤7分和神经质因子分〉5分有关。结论心梗后抑郁症状发生率高，和性别、受教育程度、收入水平、人格特征等因素相关。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of post-myocardial infarction de- pression. Methods 312 patients of acute myocardial infarction were selected randomly. They were administered with a self-designed questionnaire for socio-demographic information, and the Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD ） for depressive symptoms, the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ-RSC） for personality traits. Results （1）The rates for depression, mild depression and major depression were 10%, 16% and 12%. （2）The risk factors for depression were unmarried, high education, low self-rating family income, EPQ- RSC psychoticism score of 〉3 and neuroticism score of 〉5. The protective factors included male and extra-intro- version score of 〉7. Conclusion There are high prevalence rates of depressive symptoms in post-myocardial in- farction. Gender, education, marriage, economic condition, and personality traits might be related to their depres-