单克隆抗体治疗视神经脊髓炎的研究进展

Research progresses of monoclonal antibodies therapy in neuromyelitis optica

视神经脊髓炎（NMO）是一种选择性累及视神经和脊髓的中枢神经系统脱髓鞘疾病。由于其可导致患者永久性视力丧失，且治疗较为棘手，因此眼科医师应给予高度重视。近年来，单克隆抗体以其特异性强、均一性好等优点，被多家研究中心应用于NMO的临床药物试验和基础研究。一期临床治疗研究发现，部分患者治疗后症状明显改善。本文将全面、系统阐述单克隆抗体在NMO治疗方面的分类、作用机制及临床效果，为NMO的临床治疗提供参考。

Neuromyelitis optica （NMO） is a kind of demyelinating disorder that preferentially affects the optic nerves and spinal cord and results in permanent vision loss. There is no effective treatment so far. In recent years, monoclonal antibodies （mAbs） have been applied in a number of clinical drug trials and basic researches in NMO therapy due to its specificity and uniformity. Phase I clinical study found that, symptoms significantly improved in some patients after mAbs treatment. This review will expound the therapy classification, mechanism of action and clinical results involving mAbs, and provide reference for the clinical treatments of NMO