不同叶幕形对设施葡萄叶幕微环境、叶片质量及果实品质的影响

Effects of canopy shapes of grape on canopy microenvironment,leaf and fruit quality in greenhouse

以3年生‘贝达'砧木设施栽培‘京蜜'葡萄为试材,石开究直立、V形和水平3种叶幕形处理下葡萄叶幕微环境、叶片质量及果实品质的差异.结果表明:直立叶幕的总孔隙度和开度显著高于V形叶幕和水平叶幕卅面积指数、光能截获率和叶幕昼夜温差均显著低于V形叶幕和水平叶幕后两者间无显著差异.V形叶幕葡萄叶片的栅栏组织厚度显著大于直立叶幕水平叶幕居中,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量显著高于直立叶幕和水平叶幕后两者间无显著差异.果实品质以V形叶幕最佳水平叶幕其次,直立叶幕最差.通过GC-MS分析发现,V形叶幕挥发性香气化合物种类最多,为29种,直立叶幕与水平形叶幕分别为17和16种.V形叶幕中‘京蜜'葡萄的特征香气组分除乙醇、反式-2-己烯-1-醇、仲辛酮和甲酸己酯含量较低外,其余含量均较高.芳樟醇(里那醇)含量在直立叶幕和V形叶幕中显著高于水平叶幕橙花醇含量在V形叶幕中显著高于直立叶幕和水平叶幕,叶醇含量在V形叶幕和水平叶幕中显著高于直立叶幕,香茅醇仅在V形叶幕中检出.V形叶幕设施栽培葡萄的果实香气更浓,更能体现其品种特性.

The effects of three canopy shapes,i.e.,vertical canopy,V-shaped canopy and horizontal canopy,on canopy microenvironment,quality of leaves and fruits were studied in the 3-year-old grape ＇Jingmi＇ grafted on ＇Beta＇ in greenhouse.The results showed that gap fraction and openness of vertical canopy were significantly higher than that of V-shaped canopy and horizontal canopy,and leaf area index,light interception rate and canopy temperature difference between day and night were significantly lower than those of V-shaped canopy and horizontal canopy.There was no significant difference between the latter two treatments.The palisade thickness of V-shaped canopy was significantly greater than that of vertical canopy,and horizontal canopy was in the middle.The chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of V-shaped canopy were significantly higher than those of vertical canopy and horizontal canopy,and those in the latter two treatments had no significant difference.The fruit quality of V-shaped canopy was the best,and that of horizontal canopy was the worst.The results of GC-MS analysis showed that 29 types of volatile aroma compounds were detected in Vshaped canopy,but just 17 and 16 in vertical canopy and horizontal canopy,respectively.In Vshaped canopy,the characteristic aroma in grape ＇Jingmi＇ was higher,except ethanol,trans-2-hexene-1-alcohol,2-octyl ketone and formic acid ester.The linalool content in vertical canopy and V-shaped canopy was higher than that in horizontal canopy.The nerol content in V-shaped canopy was higher than that in vertical canopy and horizontal canopy,and the leaf alcohol content in Vshaped canopy and horizontal canopy was higher than that in vertical canopy.The citronellol was detected only in V-shaped canopy.In greenhouse,the fruit aroma of V-shaped canopy grape was stronger,and well reflected the variety characteristics.