作为话语标记的“那”及相关词串的语篇功能

The Textual Function of the Discourse Marker “Na”(That)and Its Related Word Series

关于现代汉语指示代词"这""那"的指代功能、语法化轨迹以及篇章功能,学界已经有许多有益的讨论。但是关于"这""那"相关词串的篇章功能,学界的研究成果还比较少。对具体的语段和对话的分析后发现,"那个""那什么""那谁"等相关格式作为话语标记主要有开启话题、转换话题和延续话题三大功能。这些词串与"这"及相关格式相比,体现了语言的不对称现象,这与语言的主观性等认知及心理解释因素有很大关系。

Scholars have put forward plenty of useful discussions about modem Chinese demonstrative pronouns ＂this＂ and ＂ that ,including its nominalization, gramtnaticalization and textual function. However,there are relatively few academic researches on their relevant word series. Through the analysis of specific discourse segments and dialogues,the paper demonstrates that ＂na ge＂（那个）,＂na shen me＂（那什么）,＂na v shui＂ （那谁） as well as other related formats are discourse markers and have the function of opening topic,changing the subject and the continuation of the same topic. Compared the word series with ＂zhe＂（这） and its relevant formats,we find that their difference reflects the asymmetry of language, which is influenced by subjectivity,cognition and psychological factors of the language.