硝化抑制剂对春玉米氮素利用及土壤pH值和无机氮的影响

Effects of nitrification inhibitor on nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize,soil pH and inorganic nitrogen

通过大田试验,研究了黑土区春玉米施用硝化抑制剂对土壤pH值、土壤铵态氮和硝态氮变化、硝化抑制率、产量及氮素利用率的影响。试验结果表明:硝化抑制剂处理中,混合物B的中水平添加量处理(B2)玉米产量较一次性全施肥处理(AF)能够增产且增产率最高,为5.60%,氮素利用率较追肥处理(TP)提高5.43%,硝化抑制作用和增产的效果明显;施用硝化抑制剂可使土壤pH值缓慢阶梯式下降;土壤含水率与土壤铵态氮含量呈负相关性(P<0.01);土壤铵态氮含量与土壤pH值呈显著正相关;所选用的两种硝化抑制剂的配方中,B2和A3(混合物A的低水平添加量)处理的增产和硝化抑制效果最佳。

A field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of nitrification inhibitor application in black soil area on soil pH,soil ammonium and nitrate change,nitrification inhibition rate,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize. Results showed that： yield of treatment of nitrification inhibitor added in fertilizer（ B2） increased by 5. 60% compared with nitrogen fertilization of all-in-one treatment（ AF）. The nitrogen use efficiencies of treatment of nitrification inhibitor B2 increased by5. 43% compared with that of nitrogen top dressing（ TP）. Nitrification inhibition was significant and production was increased. Nitrification inhibitor slowly decreased soil pH stepwise. Soil moisture content and soil NH＋4- N were negatively correlated（ P 0. 01） and there was a significant positive correlation between ammonium nitrogen content and soil pH. The two nitrification inhibitors treatments,B2 and A3,had the best effects on yield increasing and nitrification inhibition.