山东烟叶生产典型样区土壤质量评价

Evaluation of soil quality in Shandong typical tobacco production region

以山东3个主要植烟地区临沂、潍坊和日照的烟叶生产典型样区为研究对象,选取土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌作为植烟土壤肥力质量的评价指标,采用模糊隶属度函数模型对土壤肥力进行定量评价,选取土壤砷、镉、铬、汞、铅、镍、铜、锌全量作为植烟土壤环境质量的评价指标,采用内梅罗指数法进行定量评价。结果表明:临沂、潍坊和日照3地典型样区的土壤肥力质量综合指数分别为0.54、0.56和0.49,土壤肥力无明显差别,平均水平未达到良好等级,存在一定的改进空间。临沂、潍坊和日照3地典型样区的土壤环境质量综合指数分别为0.59、0.58和0.54,土壤环境质量无明显差别,均处于低风险状态,但个别元素存在超标的现象,汞应成为山东烟区土壤环境质量控制的重要关注点。综合两方面的评价结果,山东烟叶生产典型样区的土壤肥力质量良好,土壤环境质量清洁,为烟叶的品质和质量安全状况提供了可靠的保证。

In this study,typical tobacco production regions in Linyi,Weifang,Rizhao were selected for soil quality evaluation. pH value,organic matter,total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, available potassium,available phosphorus,available iron,available manganese,available copper,available zinc were selected as the basic indices for soil fertility quality evaluation using Fuzzy membership function model. Total arsenic,total cadmium,total chromium,total mercury,total plumbum,total nickel,total copper,total zinc were selected as the basic indices for soil environment quality evaluation using Nemerow index method. The result showed that the soil fertility quality index in typical tobacco production region in Linyi,Weifang and Rizhao was 0. 54,0. 56 and 0. 49 respectively. There was no significant difference in tobacco growing soil fertility quality among the three regions. The grade of tobacco growing soil fertility quality in the three regions did not reach good,and could be improved. The soil environment quality index of typical tobacco production in Linyi,Weifang and Rizhao was 0. 59,0. 58 and 0. 54 respectively. There was no significant difference in tobacco growing soil environment quality among the three regions. The soil environment risk in the three regions was in the ＂safe＂grade entirely.But some individual element was exceeded the standard,especially mercury,need to become a focus in Shandong soil environmental quality control. The comprehensive assessment indicated that the typical tobacco production region in Shandong had a good soil fertility quality and the environment quality was quite safe. The excellent soil quality provides a reliable guarantee for the quality and safety of the tobacco production.