电动自行车电池的失效模式研究

Research on failure modes of electric bicycle batteries

通过对电动自行车市场退回电池进行解剖分析,总结出引起电动自行车电池失效的主要原因,包括极板软化、腐蚀,端子漏酸等。进一步研究表明,电池的化成工艺对电池极板有很大的影响,过高的化成温度与充电量均能造成电池早期失效;板栅合金的成分对板栅的使用寿命也有很大的影响。此外,电池的端子焊接工艺和密封树脂与固化工艺的匹配度好均可改善端子的漏酸现象。

It was concluded that the failure reasons of electric bicycle batteries were plate softening, grid corrosion, acid leakage at the point of terminal and so on by dissecting and analyzing the electric bicycle batteries which were returned from the market, such as manufacturers, distributors and so on. The further study showed that the influence of formation process on the plates was great as both the excessive formation temperature and charge level can cause the premature failure; the composition of alloy may greatly affect the service life of the lead-acid batteries; moreover, the correct welding process of the terminal and the appropriate matching degree between epoxy resin sealant and curing procedure are beneficial to reduction in acid leakage.