从生产力水平到生产力容量:一个解释经济增长的新视角

From the Level of Productivity to the Capacity of Productivity:a New Perspective to Explain Economic Growth

如何解释经济增长的原因一直是经济学研究的重要课题。自古典经济学创立以来,这一研究经历了从生产要素投入的供给分析,到扩大有效需求的需求分析的演进过程。然而,随着经济全球化带来的生产力在世界范围内的便捷转移,特别是一些新兴大国经济的迅速增长,原有理论已无法给出科学合理的解释,经济增长理论面临新的时代和新的实践提出的新挑战。从当下一些大国经济快速增长的现实来看,其增长更主要地源于生产力容量的规模。生产力容量是一个包含了有效需求、资源环境承载力和社会和谐程度的系统性概念,它是生产力发展规律的现代表现形式。对于像中国这样的大国能够在改革开放后实现持续高速增长,用生产力容量来解释可能更有说服力。

It has always been an important subject of economics research to explain the reasons for economic growth.Since the creation of classical economics,this research has gone through the evolution process from the supply analysis of production element input to the demand analysis of effective demand expansion.However,due to the convenient transfer of productivity in the world brought by globalization and particularly the rapid growth of the economy of some emerging large countries,the original theory can no longer present scientific and reasonable explanation.The economic growth theory faces new challenges posed by the new era and practice.Viewing from the reality of rapid economic growth of some countries,their growth is more primarily due to the scale of the capacity of productivity,which is a systematic concept containing effect demand,carrying capacity of resources and environment and the degree of social harmony,as well as a modern manifestation of the law of development of productivity.For a large country like China to achieve sustainable and rapid growth after the reform and opening up,it may be more convincing to explain it with the capacity of productivity.