氯化1-(三甲基硅甲基)-3-癸基咪唑的合成及性能

Synthesis and Properties of 1-( Threetrimethylsilylmethyl)-3-decyl Imidazolium Chloride

以咪唑、氢氧化钠和溴代癸烷为原料,经烷基化反应合成中间体N-癸基咪唑,再与氯甲基三甲基硅烷在微波条件下进行季铵化反应合成离子液体型表面活性剂——氯化1-(三甲基硅甲基)-3-癸基咪唑。通过IR、~1HNMR和^(13)CNMR对中间体和目标产物的结构进行了表征,测定了目标产物的热稳定性、表面活性及泡沫性能。结果表明,氯化1-(三甲基硅甲基)-3-癸基咪唑在297℃时基本分解完全,25℃时的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为4.12 mmol/L,临界胶束浓度时的表面张力(γCMC)为25.13 m N/m,表现出较高的表面活性。此外,该离子液体型表面活性剂的起泡力随表面活性剂浓度的升高而增强,但稳泡性较差。

A kind of ionic liquid surfactant 1 - [ （ trimethylsilyl ） methyl ] -3-decyl imidazolium chloride was prepared under microwave conditions by quaternary ammonium reaction of chloromethyl- trimethylsilane with N-decyl imidazole, which was synthesized using imidazole, sodium hydroxide and bromodecane as raw materials through alkylation reaction. The structures of the intermediate and the target product were characterized by IR,1HNMR and 13CNMR. At the same time,the thermal stability, surface activities and foaming properties of the target product were measured. The results showed that complete decomposition temperature of 1-（threetrimethylsilylmethyl）-3-decyl imidazolium chloride was 297 ~C. The critical micelle concentration （CMC） of the ionic liquid surfactant was 4. 12 mmoL/L and the surface tension at CMC was 25.13 mN/m at 25 ~C. Moreover, the foaming power increased with increasing concentration of the surfactant,but the foam stability was not good enough.