大理州某中学2009—2014年学生沙眼患病状况

Morbidity surveillance on trachoma among middle school students in Dali from 2009 to 2014

目的 了解大理州某中学学生沙眼患病情况,分析沙眼与视力的相关性,为中学生防控沙眼提供依据.方法 选取2009-2014年大理州某中学初、高中16 031名学生体检资料,采用GraphPad和SPSS 18.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 16 031名学生中,患沙眼学生1 853人,总患病率11.56％.2009-2014年患沙眼学生人数分别为783（25.08％）,508（20.00％）,238（11.79％）,120（3.99％）,93（3.34％）和111人（4.33％）.汉族学生患病人数为1 280人（11.7％）,少数民族学生患病人数为573人（11.28％）,两者患病率差异无统计学意义（x2=0.663,P=0.426）;男生与女生沙眼患病率分别为11.94％和11.23％,差异无统计学意义（x2=1.952,P=0.165）;构成比最高的年龄段是15～18岁,约占90％;患沙眼学生中68.0％的学生视力下降,未患沙眼学生中39.0％的学生视力下降,两组学生视力水平构成差异有统计学意义（x2=564.249,P＜0.01）.结论 学生沙眼患病率与性别、民族无相关性,15～18岁学生是高危人群;该校中学生沙眼患病率逐年降低,并维持在一个较低感染水平.

Objective To explore trachoma morbidity among middle school students in Dali, and to analyze the association of Chlamydia trachomatis infection to the visual impairment. Methods Data was part of physicl examination in middle school students from 2009 to 2014. GraphPad and sPSS were used to statistical analysis. Results Among 16 031 students, 1 853 students suffered from trachoma （ account for 11.56% ）. The numbers of students with trachoma from 2009 to 2014 were 783 （ 25.08% ）, 508 （20.00%）, 238 （11.79%）, 120 （3.99%）, 93 （3.34%） and 111 （4.33%）, respectively. Trachoma among Han students （11.7%） was similar with minority students （ 11.28% ）.The difference was not statistically significant （X2= 0.663, P= 0.426 ）. The morbidity of trachoma in boys and girls was 11.94% and 11.23%, with no significant difference （X2= 1.952,P= 0.165）. Nearly 90 percentage of trachoma was found in adolescents aged 15 to 18 years. The vision impairment was seen in 68% of students with tra- choma, compared with 39% of students without trachoma （X2 = 564.249,P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion There was no difference in the morbidity of trachoma among students in Dali. Students aged 15 to 18 were at higher risk of trachoma. It shows a declining trend in the morbidity of trachoma during 2009-2014, with low infection rate.