余姚市儿童精神障碍罹患情况调查

Investigation of Attack Rate of Children's Mental Disorders in Yuyao City

目的:研究浙江省余姚市儿童精神障碍罹患水平,以便能够对儿童的心理及行为进行有效干预。方法:在余姚市随机选择40所小学4110名儿童,完成家长问卷和班主任问卷;根据问卷结果进行统计分析。结果:余姚市儿童精神障碍总罹患率达到11.97%。同时,随着年龄增加,精神障碍罹患率呈现增加的趋势,7-8岁年龄阶段精神障碍罹患率最低,为10.00%;13-14岁年龄阶段精神障碍罹患率最高,达到14.17%。男生的精神障碍罹患率为14.75%,女生的罹患率为9.35%,男女生的精神障碍发生情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发生最多的精神障碍类型为注意力缺陷多动障碍,发生率达到17.07%;其次为对立违抗性障碍(15.85%)和焦虑障碍(14.63%)。结论:余姚市儿童精神障碍罹患水平较高,高年级学生罹患率显著高于低年级学生,男生显著高于女生,其中注意力缺陷多动障碍是发生率较高的类型。

Objective： Study the attack rate of mental disorders in children in Yuyao to find effective intervention. Methods： We randomly selected 4110 children in 40 primary schools in Yuyao. The teachers and the parents needed to fill the Rutter questionnaires,then collected the results to come to conclusion. Results： Attack rate of children＇s mental disorders in Yuyao was 11. 97%,which increased with the increasing of age. The rate in 7 to 8 years old children was the lowest,10. 00%,and in 13 and 14 years old children was the highest,14. 17%. The rate in boys was 14. 75%,in girls was 9. 35%,the comparison had statistical significance（ P〈0. 05）. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was majority of mental disorders,17. 07%,and the next was oppositional defiant disorder 15. 85% and anxiety disorders 14. 63%. Conclusion： Attack rate of mental disorders in children in Yuyao is a little high,the rate of the seniors grade students is higher than that of lower grade students,boys is higher than girls,and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a high incidence of type.