硬膜外导管在大鼠颈静脉置管短期多次采血中的应用

Application of multiple short-term blood collections after epidural catheter in rats' jugular vein

目的评估硬膜外导管置入大鼠颈静脉后短期多次采血的应用效果,探讨可靠、经济的实验大鼠颈静脉采血方法。方法 SPF级SD大鼠20只,乙醚麻醉后,仰卧位固定于操作台。沿颈部任一侧纵行剪开皮肤。游离皮下组织,钝性分离出颈静脉血管。结扎颈静脉远心端血管,在静脉管壁上向心方向将血管壁全层剪1个"V"形小口,将硬膜外导管从小口处置入颈静脉,结扎固定近心端血管与导管;进行短期多次采血时,每次采血完毕应用中心静脉导管冲管技术进行维护。结果 20只实验用大鼠中1只麻醉过程中死亡,其余均顺利完成置管,置管成功率为100%。术后1只(5.3%)管道脱落,2只(10.5%)出现堵管现象,18只(94.7%)顺利完成采血任务。术后均无感染发生,存活至下次手术。结论大鼠颈静脉置入硬膜外导管后可短期多次采血,是经济、可行的采血方法。

Objective To evaluate the application effect of multiple short-term blood collections in epidural catheter placed into rats＇ jugular vein, and a reliable and economical method of blood collection was established. Methods Twenty healthy Sprague-Dawley （SD） rat of specific pathogen free （SPF） grade were anesthetized and fixed on the laboratory bench in the supine position. The neck skin was incised longitudinally and subcutaneous tissue was isolated. The jugular vein was exposed by blunt separation and ligated from the distal. A V-shape was cut from the proximal and epidural catheter was placed into jugular vein. The proximal vein and the catheter were ligated. The central ve- nous catheters were washed after blood collections. Results One rat died from anesthesia while others had a 100% successful rate of placing epidural catheter. After surgey, one rat （5.3 % ） had a drop of catheter, two rats （ 10.5 % ） had an obstruction in catheter, 18 rats （ 94.7% ） finished collecting blood suceessfuly. No infection was obseved after surgery and all lived to the next experiment time. Conclusion Multiple short-term blood collections after epidural catheter placed into rats＇ jugular vein is a reliable and economical method for blood collection.