城市绿地表层土壤中PAHs的来源及风险评估——以福州市鼓楼区为例

Sources and Risk Assessment of PAHs in Surface Soil from Urban Green Lands:A Case of Gulou District,Fuzhou,China

为探索治理持久性有机污染物的理论依据，本研究对福州市鼓楼区居民区、道路和公园3种功能区的城市绿地土壤中的多环芳烃（PAHs）进行分析，并比较了不同功能区绿地表层土壤（0—20cm）PAHs的污染程度。研究结果表明：福州市区不同功能区绿地表层的土壤都受到一定程度的多环芳烃污染，检测的15种多环芳烃的含量在不同功能区绿地表层土壤不同深度分布存在差异。在0～10cm土层中，PAHs含量表现为：居民区〉道路〉公园，而在10～20cm土层中则为：公园〉道路〉居民区，且在该土层中多环芳烃的含量总体高于0—10cm的含量。参照荷兰土壤PAHs污染标准，鼓楼区绿地土壤均受到不同程度的PAHs污染，其中10～20cm土层中多环芳烃的超标率高于0～10cm。不同功能区绿地表层土壤中多环芳烃的来源受多种因素的影响，主要因素为生物燃烧源。

Abstract： Content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were analyzed and studied by collect- ed soil samples from various functional zones, including streets, residential areas and parks, in Gulou district of Fuzhou, China. Results showed that soils sampled from all functional zones were polluted by PAHs. Total PAHs＇ contents in soils at different function zones were ordered by residential areas 〉 streets 〉 parks at 0 ~ 10 cm soil layers, while, they showed the order as parks 〉 streets 〉 residential ar- ea at 10 -20 cm soil layers. Compared with the Netherland＇s soil standards of PAHs pollution, soils in Gulou were polluted. The PAHs in 10 ~ 20 cm soil layers were higher than that of in 0 ~ 10 cm soil layers. The sources of PAHs in various functional zones were affected by multiple factors, and among of them biomass burning was their major contributor.