镇江市土地利用景观格局时空过程与驱动因素

Space-Time Evolution and Driving Factors of Land-use and Landscape Pattern in Zhenjiang City

以宁镇扬丘陵区的镇江市为案例地,基于1978—2012年遥感图像数据,从类型尺度和景观尺度2个维度分析镇江市土地利用景观格局时空过程特征;并通过PCA模型定量揭示镇江市土地利用景观格局时空演化驱动因素。结果表明:1)1978—2012年耕地是区域主导景观类型,其次林地、建设用地为区域优势景观类型;其中耕地、林地景观类型分别减少7.63%、1.21%,而建设用地景观增加8.87%;2)镇江市总体斑块数目增加,平均斑块面积、斑块形状指数和分维数下降,且耕地、建设用地及水域对区域景观格局演化响应最为显著;区域景观破碎度、集聚度及多样性指数不断上升,表明人类活动对研究区景观干扰不断增强,且存在镇江中东部高于西部的空间分异特征;3)人口快速增长是土地利用景观格局演变的直接诱因,城市化推动、经济持续发展是景观格局演化的重要驱动,而技术革新进步会对景观格局演变具有一定冲击作用;4大驱动力综合耦合作用1978—2012年镇江市土地利用景观格局时空演化过程。

Based on MSS/TM/ETM ~ remote sensing data in Zhenjiang from 1978 to 2012, landscape pattern index was used to analyze land use and landscape evolution characteristics in Zhenjiang city based on type and landscape scales; and the PCA model was used to reveal the driving factors. Results showed that： 1 ） cultivated land was the dominant landscape type, forest land and construction land were regional advantage type; cultivated land and forest land reduced during the period by 7.63 % and 1.11% respectively, but construction land increased by 8.87% ; 2） on the whole, patch number in- creased; the average patch area, patch shape index and fractal dimension decreased; landscape frag- mentation, agglomeration degree and diversity index raised, but evenness index declined; the evolution pattern of landscape scale index had spatial differentiation characteristics; 3 ） population growth, urbanization, economic development and technology progress drove space-time evolution of its land use and landscape pattern.