森的可行能力理论框架下的就业质量研究——基于中国大学毕业生调查数据的比较分析

Employment Quality Based on the Capability Approach of Amartya Sen——A Comparative Analysis on the Survey Data of China's University Students

在分析就业质量内涵的基础上,基于阿玛蒂亚·森的可行能力理论,构建了就业满意度、职业健康和可行能力三维度的就业质量指标。利用大学生微观调查数据,从整体和分维度两方面对中国大学生就业质量进行了比较分析。研究发现,中国大学生整体就业质量有待提升,特别是职业健康和可行能力方面。分群体比较结果表明,学历越高,整体就业质量越高,但职业健康状况越差。男性和女性在整体就业质量方面差异不显著,但男性在可行能力方面明显优于女性。无论是整体还是分维度,党员和国有部门员工的就业质量均更高。并在此基础上提出了相应的对策建议。

Based on analyzing the connotation of proach of Amartya Sen, the paper constructs a three employment quality and the capability apdimensional employment quality index with job satisfaction, occupational health and capacity as the dimensions. Using the survey data of university students, a comparative analysis is made on the employment quality of university students in China in general and from different dimensions. Research shows that the overall employment quality of university students needs to be improved, especially in terms of occupational health and capacity. The comparative results show that students with higher degree have higher overall em- ployment quality, but poorer occupational health. Male and female have no significant difference in the overall employment quality, but male is superior to female in capacity. In both integral and dimension level, the employment quality of both communists and state -owned sectors is higher. Countermeasures and suggestions are proposed based on the analysis.