16份美国玉米种质扩增计划材料的利用潜力分析

Analysis on the Utilization Potentiality of 16 American Materials from Germplasm Enhancement of Maize

对引进的16份美国玉米种质扩增计划(GEM)玉米材料和5份自育自交系采用NC-II设计,配制80个组合进行配合力分析,划分杂种优势群,评价其利用潜力。结果表明,两组亲本8个性状的一般配合力方差大多数达到显著或极显著水平;两组亲本组配的杂交组合的特殊配合力方差,除秃尖长不显著外,其余均达到极显著水平,其中,GH358各性状综合GCA效应值最高,GR9、GR15和GH291、GH302综合GCA效应值较高;组合GH281×GR15的产量SCA效应值和总配合力TCA均最高。聚类分析结果,16份供试美国GEM玉米材料被划分为两大杂种优势群,进而划分为5个亚群。GH358是最为理想的亲本材料,GR9、GR15和GH291、GH302是具有利用价值的玉米材料,用它们作亲本组配出高产组合的机率较大。GH281×GR15是本研究筛选出的强优势组合;GH230×GR2、GH358×GR22和GH266×GR9可以作为优势组合进一步筛选鉴定;GH219×GR10、GH266×GR2、GH283×GR10产量配合力表现较好,应着重进行改良和利用。

Combining ability of 16 GEM maize materials from CIMMYT and 5 self-bred inbred lines was ana- lyzed. Eighty hybrids in NC- II mating design were evaluated in field using randomized block design in triplicate, the heterotic groups were clarified and their utilization potentiality was analyzed. The results indicated that significant or highly significant differences were observed in GCA for most 8 parental characters. Highly significant differences were observed in SCA except bald top length. Among them, the integrated GCA in each trait of GH358 was the highest, and higher in GR9, GR15 and GH291, GH302, both the yield SCA and TCA were the highest in cross GH281 xGR15. Clustering diagram indicated that 16 American GEM maize materials were divided into II heterotic groups and 5 sub-groups. GH358 was the most ideal parent material GR9, GR15 and GH291, GH302 proved to be valuable maize materials, the probability of high yield combination is greater using them as parents. GH281 ×GR15 was the strong heterosis combination selected, GH230×GR2, GH358×GR22 and GH266×GR9 could be used as a combination of superiority for further screening and identification, yield combining ability in GH219 × GR10, GH266×GR2, GH283×GR10 were better and should focus on the improvement and utilization.